Internal-combustion engine.



y(LEB/1KB? & E. NL DE LONG. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLlcATmN man AuG.23.19xo.

1, 1 38,83 1 Patented May 11, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

` 1 A ORA/EY. i

BRITAIN, CNEAG'ECUT, A CRORATIQN OF CONNECTICUT.

ifi 38,85%.

pplioation ez ug-115'; 23, 1910,

n form mi" :ipp-w "miimiyingg inwmluii :imi in the usf. which n, sangimmny he, :itzwned iilii xitfwd Srs rh@ :mmmpnnying diawi n in whicibw 'view .in siii@ ffl uiiime of mi m. Mii cugina l w (if :ii "few in G31: me of tbn wut of the mi itmingr im: m' legs iiifzsimct Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Ia'tnted May il, i9! 5.

serial No. 578,535.

n'w-snii0zi herein, time in'vQn-i fast, bef ing :in imp ai, upon the miv@ medainism shown in ud appiimiilifm, and miermme is hereby made to said appiisntion, if necz'fssmy, for im linde anding of the com szifimtion and peivuiou of simil parts, not embodying our invention, as amy not be chum.' imm the iiiis-x'ation and description.

in th@ iwcmnpmiying dawiugs the numeral 7 denotes n petition of the lower frame member of a :EGEM-Cycle and a portion of :in upper fiume imi* 01 arranged to I'Gceive and support, zii'a engine employed for rvng ha vehidc. Tha www@ briy described, cfsnsists of )er 7 and zfx'fmk case, l by tha upper 3 ii. ocnted jacent in the cyinde t' which cfu nmim' a supply pip-ff, lbemwida J0 the inge uf the engine. The cylinders ':n'iiiuin pismis with hitman Gmneoting the with, a mii it, the ati being itnbiy comme. i with a driving shaft 13 connected with driving Weei of the ve- Ei'i :a. A pump i4 is ocaa'i at the end of ihn @using und a magneto upon the casing; a #ff-wheel 1G being sur-ed to the mk siifift. Ali of the pnrtsiove mentioned :im arranged und operate substantiaiy pening application above mentioned.

l2- Cuniienfii, 'iiii inmki (-,ziing having an intake passage 18 com!- lriamivfiing with 1m intxrie @minimi 1%) iomtofi iii tim fsizmii @aging subtsmfzziy midway 'meetup n #be imiei Valve cnsings wl :im 'farmed a part :imi located on upposita sdis u'' the Crank Case, :is shown herein the valve ming 20 being located on the lofthzmfi sido of 'ille mnnhine and the vulve casing 521 mi the righimml side of' the. irxm'iiin. AS the imchunism @ordained in boih af the waive .,.mxgs is mbsinniiliy nti-w, tina @Sunnah m i wiwi-f5 i may' as shown ami describe-ci in om' c0 relate to a single valve will be considered as applying equally to both.

.l valve port 29. opens from the intake chamber 19 into a `valve chamber 23 located in each of the casings 20-Y Y21, and a passage 2l extends Vfrom each olt the valve chambers to the cylinder having its supply controlled by the valve in said chamber. A distributing; valve 25 rests against a valve seat 2G in each of the valve chambers, cach of the lvalves having a projection extending toward in the casing. A plate stern 3l extends from each of the bearing plates, each .stem being hollowjand a valve stem projefting thereinto. Nelis 3Q are provided as means tor 'turning the bearing plates. A closing plate :lil is secured. in any suitable manner, holes for the reception of screws being Shown herein, to the outer end of cach valve casing to close the opening thereinto.

When the successive movement of the sev eral valves occurs with rhythm a much more im'reaseil ellicicncy is obtained than when the successive inrweinents of the several valve are uneven. The movements of the val'ves lieing inlluenced by the springs, in order to secure a perfect rhythmic moveinvul it is essential that the tension of the springs Il l iiiay be adjusted while the engine is running, as a comparison may then he made and yaccurate rhythmic movement thus secured. 'l'he construction herein illustrated anni d ribeil as well as that shown and de- :f rilaii in our prior application above refrri-ed to enables the adjustment to be made al iii-h time. the plate 2li-l heilig removed and the hearing plate 30 turned to effect the proper adjustment. this plate preventing cseape ol any of the fluids employed in li-ivini;` the engine. 'lhe valve mechanism may .he thin-: tuned to work in perfect harmony i ne \alve rvitli-lvhe other.

life have. discovered that the speed of the en eiiie is greatly inliuenced by a. change in iensionol the valve springs, and that by increasingr the tension of the springs thc speed ol' the engine will he increased. lVe have l'nrl'hei .iscovered that this increase in the tension ol' the springs beyond a. certain point must take place after the engine has been started, as it is impossible to start the engine with a tension upon the spring bcyond a certain amount. Many ,different forms of mechaniuvn for accomplishing this result are contenu-:..ited by us, that herein shown having been .lound to produce satisfactory results. In constructing this mechanism a. movable spring support 37 is provided for each of the springs 3l, these supports being located within the valve chambers 23 and preferably within recesses on the inner surface of the bearing plates B0. supporting bar 38 extends from each of the spring supports through'the plate stems 3l, the outer ends of these bars being formed into racks 39. Lengthwise openings 4() extend within each or the bars for the reception of the stem of the valve appartenant thereto. which has a bearing and is movable within the opening' to allow operation of the valve. The outer end of each bearing plate stem is provided with a stalling box construction 41 through which the bars 3S extend.

Each closing plate 33' has afprojeetion 42 with a slot therethrough orming ears 143 constituting bearings for a pinion 44. 'lhe teeth of each pinion is in mesh with the teeth withsthe teeth of a rack bar 38 and also with the teeth of an operating bar 45 normally forced in one direction las by means of a spring 46. A rod -l7 connects each of the operating hars 45 with a valve spring operating lever 48 secured to a lever shaft 49 mounted in a bearing 50 secured to4 the upper frame bal' or strut S.

A connecting bar 5l is secured to the lever is and forms a part of the connection with thc operating means, as the handle or grip ot' the vehicle, the rest of the connection of which may he as by means of a cord 52.

'hile we do not limit our invention to operation of the valve spring tensioning mechanism `at any special time with respect to the. operation of the engine, yet we-linve found material advantagein operation to follow when the tensioning of the spring is simultaneous 'with the increase of the speed of the engine from other sources. To attain this result the bar 51 is attached to the throttle lever 53 and the connection 52 is attached to the bar 5l, so that as the throttle lever is moved to control the operation of the engine the spring tensioning mechanism will be operated 'simultaneously therewith..

.ve have further found that in some instances at least. if notall, it is important connection is formed between the valve' spring` operating lever 48 and the connecting har 5l, as shown herein a slot 54 in the bar 5l receiving a pin 55 from the lever 4S.

of 4this construction, in Starting be liar 'will be moved to a. certain extent and the throttle lever operated tore operation of the ten- "ie do not limit our invention and the .it-ope of the following vclaims to the fore- 'y illustration and description of the rrred form of mechanism in which the in vcntion is shown as embodied, as this constrm .on may be deiiartcd. from to a great-er or lesser extent without avoiding the involition.

vll?. Flzll11A l l finder, a piston located in the cylina 'valve chamber communicating with iin: cylinder, an int-aire valve to control the .supply of fluid to the cylinder, means for exerting l'orce to heid said valve to its seat, mean:I for cfmtrolling admission of fluid to said valve, and means for simultaneously operating said [luid admitting means and also for va rying the pressure against said vulve.

2. A cylinder, a piston located in the cylinder, n 'imber communicating with the cylinder, a valve in said chamber to control the flou' oiffluiil to thecylinder, a spring exerting pressure upon the valve, means for controlling the admission of fluid to said valve, and means for simultaneously operating' said lfluid controlling means and also for varying the tension upon Said spring.

3. A cylinder, a piston located in the cylinder, Aa. valve chamber communicating 'with the cylinder, a valve located in said rliainlrcr, lncans for exerting force to press the wl e to itsI seat, a throttle to control the admission of fluid to said valve,`Vl and means connected for operation with said throttle to vary the force to hold the valve to its scat.

fl. .X cylinder, a piston located in the cylinder, a valve chamber, an inta-ke valve located in said chamber, a spring to force said valve against its seat, a throttle to control the admission of Huid to said valve, and menus for varying the force of said spring, said means being connected for operation simultaneously with the throttle.

fi. plural number of cylinders, pistons located in each of the cylinders, .a valve chamber comn'iunicating with each of the cylinders, an intake valve located in cach of the clian'ibcrs, means for forcingl each of the valves lo its seat, means to control the adon of fluid` to each of the valves, and means :onnected to operate simultaneously with the duid admitting means to vary the force against said valve.

(l, A. plural number of cylinders, a piston located in each cylinder, a valve chamber communicating with each chamber, a spring to vary the pressure for forcing each of the valves to its seat, means for controlling admission of fluid to the valves, and means connected to operate simultaneously with the fluid admitting means to vary the tension u pon 4said springs.

7. A cylinder, a. piston located in the cylinder, a casing inclosing a valve chamber, an intake valve located in said chamber, a spring within said chamber to force Said valve against its-seat, means inclosed in said casing for varying the tension upon said spring, and a second means for varying the tension upon said spring to increase the speed of the engine.

8. A pair of cylinders, a piston located in each of the cylinders, a valve chamber' appurtenant to each of the cylinders, an intake valve located in each of said chambers, a spring in each of said chambers to force each of the valves to its seat, means for varying the pressure upon each of the sprmgs, and a second means appurtenant to each spring and connected to operate simu1- taneously to vary the pressure upon said springs to increase the speed of the engine.

9. A plural number of cylinders, a piston located in each cylinder, a valve chamber communicating with each cylinder, a valve locatcd in each chamber, a spring pressing each valve against its seat, means for varying the pressure upon each spring, a second means connected to operate simultaneously upon said springs, and means to control the Huid admission and connected to operate simultaneously with the spring tensioning means.

10. A cylinder, a piston located in the cylinder, a valve chamber communicating with the cylinder, an intake valve located 1n said chamber, means Within said chamber nrranged to force the valve against its` seat, mechanism extending outside of theachamber to operate the'means to force' the valve against its seat to vary its tension, and

means for operating the pressure controlling v mechanism. l1. A cylinder, a piston located within the cylinder, a valve chamberan intake-valveA located within said chamber, a springl to force said valve against its seat, a plate cloS- ing the valve chamber and adjustable to vary the tension upon the spring, a second plate in engagement with the spring and with said plate and movable independently of the latter, and means extending tothe outside of said chamber for operating theV spring tensioning device.

l2. A cylinder, a piston located therein, a

valve to control the admission of fluid t0 the cylinder, means for forcing the valve to its sont, and means arranged to increase the tension of the springin proportion to an increase in the amount of fuel admitted.

13. A cylinder, a piston lncnted therein. a to fyiwmic tlw lai-imi Smulaxcousy WM; =1= Y valve. to control the :edmsC-fm of fluid to the. .ifmfnmmx mi duf: lhs-ott'ae` sion, n throttle to control lle Him of lnd tu the. engine, nml n aonnuufmu lJf-iwcen Suid ihm-ttl@ nml the vulve ternrcmnmg: members 

